... those who live like this will not inherit the Kingdom of God.
~ Galatians 5:19-21
A brief history of the Crusades
The Crusades were Christian wars against non-Christians, and even against Christians of a somewhat different persuasion, staged between 1095 and 1248. No Christian can ignore the shame that the Crusades have brought on the Christian church, especially in the eyes of Jews and Moslems. Modern evangelical churches sometimes use the word Crusade to describe an outreach program in their local area, overlooking the fact that Jews and Moslems associate the concept of a crusade as an attack of terror on their communities.
A brief history of the Crusades
... the conditions that led to their launch, and the consequences.
- ca 1050 AD
onwardsResurgence of wealth in Europe after the Dark Ages led to new confidence in the Christian Empire. - 1095The Emperor in Constantinople, capital of the eastern half of the Christian Empire, called for help in his campaigns against growing Moslem strength.Pope Urban II in Rome called on Christians in Europe to join a crusade to liberate Jerusalem from the Moslems.
- 1096Crusaders marched in several armies towards the Holy Land. In cities across Europe they slaughtered defenceless Jews.The first armies arrived at Constantinople and crossed the Bosphorus to attack the Turks. One of those armies, that of Peter the Hermit, was massacred.Multitudes died, many of starvation, in the two-year march to Jerusalem.
- 1099Crusaders from Europe conquered Jerusalem, slaughtering Moslems, Jews and eastern Orthodox Christians alike.
- 1101-1144Crusader states were established in the Holy Land.
- 1140-1300Period of building the great Gothic cathedrals in Europe – dedicated mostly to the virgin Mary, and some to saints, being places where relics of these people were stored. Pilgrimages to such shrines were thought to bring power for answers to prayer.The cathedrals were the most visible display of the “church triumphant.”
- 1146-1148Second Crusade – a failure.
- 1187Moslems led by Saladin reconquered Jerusalem.
- 1189-1192Third Crusade – a failure.
- 1200-1204Fourth Crusade – Latin Christians from Europe, and an army financed by Venetian merchants, conquered the eastern Orthodox centre of Constantinople, killing “fellow Christians” and taking the treasures of Byzantium to palaces in Europe.Although the armies of Rome withdrew some decades later, allowing the Orthodox Christians to re-settle Constantinople, the eastern half of the Christian Empire was so weakened that it easily fell to the Ottoman Turks in 1453.
- 1209-1229Albigensian Crusade in Europe.Heresy took hold in southern France and, through military conquest, Rome forced its exclusive right to interpret and deliver doctrine.
- 1219-1221Fifth Crusade to “save” the Holy Land – a failure.
- 1229Sixth Crusade – a failure.
- 1231Start of the Inquisition – the church’s attempt to enforce doctrinal orthodoxy throughout Christendom.
- 1248Seventh Crusade – a failure.
- 1252Pope Innocent IV sanctioned the use of torture to extract truth from suspects brought before the Inquisitors.
- 1347-1350Black death – bubonic plague killed one-third of the population of Europe.
- Mar 2000Pope John Paul II admitted the sins of the Catholic Church going back to the Crusades and the Inquisition and, in a sermon that was broadcast live to the world, asked for forgiveness.
http://www.differentspirit.org/resources/crusades.php
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Pope Gregory IX
Of kidnapping, unlawful restraint for the purpose of slave trade: the legitimacy of slavery was incorporated in the official Corpus Iuris Canonici (Canon Law), based on the Decretum Gratiani, and Nova Compilatio decretalium (New Compilation of Decretals) which became the official law of the Church since Pope Gregory IX in 1227
Of crimes against humanity: (1227-41) That Pope Gregory IX did establish the first of three Holy Inquisitions in 1232 using the false texts of witchcraft created by his predecessor Pope Honorius III as false evidence of the existence of an alternate “evil” to the Vatican. Approximately 650,000 are burned alive through public satanic rituals during his Papacy.
Of crimes against humanity for the purpose of Satanism: (1231) That Gregory IX issues papal bull decreeing burning of heretics and other church enemies as standard penalty. That this document represents the first time in human history that the satanic practice of burning people alive is made an official law. Remains standard church law even today.
Of obstructing fundamental human right of fairness and justice (1231) That Pope Gregory IX introduces for the first time in human history the twisted and unjust notion of "guilty until proven innocent" replacing the ancient common law notion of "innocent until proven guilty" which had existed for over 6,000 years. In addition, removes the right to counsel, the right to hear charges against an accused, the identity of the witnesses making the accusation and notification to family and/or friends that a person has been arrested by the inquisition. This model forms the basis of the Catholic model of the Gestapo interrogation.
Of moral indecency and depravity (1232) That Pope Gregory appoints members of Dominican order being priests to run Holy Inquisition. There can be no question that tens of thousands of catholic ordained priests, by orders of the Vatican were involved in the systematic torture and brutal sacrifice of innocent human beings by being burned alive.
Of crimes against humanity for the purpose of Satanism: (1232)+ Thousands die 35,534 individuals are burned during Inquisition; 18,637 more are burned in effigy while 293,533 receive other Inquisitional punishments.
Of crimes against humanity for the purpose of Satanism and profit: (1232) Bernard Gui 930 victims have property confiscated, 307 are imprisoned and 42 are burned under Bernard Gui.
========
Pope Gregory IX
Of kidnapping, unlawful restraint for the purpose of slave trade: the legitimacy of slavery was incorporated in the official Corpus Iuris Canonici (Canon Law), based on the Decretum Gratiani, and Nova Compilatio decretalium (New Compilation of Decretals) which became the official law of the Church since Pope Gregory IX in 1227
Of crimes against humanity: (1227-41) That Pope Gregory IX did establish the first of three Holy Inquisitions in 1232 using the false texts of witchcraft created by his predecessor Pope Honorius III as false evidence of the existence of an alternate “evil” to the Vatican. Approximately 650,000 are burned alive through public satanic rituals during his Papacy.
Of crimes against humanity for the purpose of Satanism: (1231) That Gregory IX issues papal bull decreeing burning of heretics and other church enemies as standard penalty. That this document represents the first time in human history that the satanic practice of burning people alive is made an official law. Remains standard church law even today.
Of obstructing fundamental human right of fairness and justice (1231) That Pope Gregory IX introduces for the first time in human history the twisted and unjust notion of "guilty until proven innocent" replacing the ancient common law notion of "innocent until proven guilty" which had existed for over 6,000 years. In addition, removes the right to counsel, the right to hear charges against an accused, the identity of the witnesses making the accusation and notification to family and/or friends that a person has been arrested by the inquisition. This model forms the basis of the Catholic model of the Gestapo interrogation.
Of moral indecency and depravity (1232) That Pope Gregory appoints members of Dominican order being priests to run Holy Inquisition. There can be no question that tens of thousands of catholic ordained priests, by orders of the Vatican were involved in the systematic torture and brutal sacrifice of innocent human beings by being burned alive.
Of crimes against humanity for the purpose of Satanism: (1232)+ Thousands die 35,534 individuals are burned during Inquisition; 18,637 more are burned in effigy while 293,533 receive other Inquisitional punishments.
Of crimes against humanity for the purpose of Satanism and profit: (1232) Bernard Gui 930 victims have property confiscated, 307 are imprisoned and 42 are burned under Bernard Gui.
Repent,' say Orthodox to pope.
Repent,' say Orthodox to pope.(Greek Orthodox Church leaders will not permit a visit to Greece
by Pope John Paul II until he repents and apologizes for the long-lasting ill feeling between the two churches)(Brief Article)From: The Christian Century Date: 11/3/1999 Leaders of the Greek Orthodox Church have ruled out a spiritual pilgrimage by Pope John Paul II to Athens until the Roman Catholic pontiff apologizes and does penance for centuries of enmity between Orthodox and Catholics. "The pope can come to Greece as a head of state but not as a religious leader," Metropolitan Kallinikos, spokesman for the Holy Synod of the Greek Orthodox Church, said September 6, following a meeting of a council of church leaders. "The pope cannot visit Greece as the head of the Catholic Church before asking forgiveness and doing penance for the interventions by the church in the Orthodox world from the epoch of the Crusades until today," the Italian news agency ANSA quoted Kallinikos as saying.
In a letter published in June, John Paul said he hoped to make a spiritual pilgrimage to biblical sites in Iraq, Egypt, Jordan, Israel, the Palestine Authority territory, Syria and Greece to mark the start of the third millennium of Christianity. Greek Orthodox leaders immediately expressed opposition to a papal visit to Athens to pay homage to the New Testament account of St. Paul's sermon on the Areopagus, symbolizing the whole of humanity's encounter with the gospel. The synod, headed by Christodoulos, the Orthodox archbishop of Athens and all Greece, formalized that opposition in its September meeting.
Both the Vatican and the Greek government sought to avoid a clash. Cardinal Edward Cassidy, president of the Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity, in Greece to attend a religious symposium, said in an interview with the newspaper To Vima that the pope has not yet asked to visit Greece. "The pope does not desire to come to Greece soon. It is a desire for the near future," Cassidy indicated. Greek Prime Minister Costas Simitis said John Paul "will be welcome in Greece like every head of state," adding that he did not want to interfere in ecclesiastical matters.
But Catholic Archbishop Nikos Foscolo of Athens maintained that the controversy has harmed ecumenical efforts. "The criticisms of a visit by the pope have set back dialogue between Catholics and Orthodox by ten years," he said. Greek Orthodox sources said they want the pope to apologize for the schism of 1054 that divided the Greek and Roman churches; for the Crusades, which saw the conquest and sacking of Constantinople in 1204; and for the Council of Lyons II in 1274, which attempted unsuccessfully to unite the Greek and Roman churches.
Kallinikos also attacked the Eastern churches that follow Orthodox rites but are united with Rome, calling them "Trojan horses of the Catholic Church." Vatican sources said last week the pope may break his pilgrimage into two or more separate segments, starting before the opening of Holy Year 2000 on Christmas Eve and continuing during the millennium celebrations. John Paul is expected to travel in early December to the patriarch Abraham's birthplace at Ur of the Chaldees in southern Iraq, Mount Sinai in Egypt and possibly Damascus. Israeli officials have said he will tour the Holy Land in March.
Posted by yameen at 6:52 PM
Labels: Roman Catholic Church sins of action and omission" against the Christian Orthodox
Roman Catholic Church
sins of action and omission" against the Christian Orthodox.
by Pope John Paul II until he repents and apologizes for the long-lasting ill feeling between the two churches)(Brief Article)From: The Christian Century Date: 11/3/1999 Leaders of the Greek Orthodox Church have ruled out a spiritual pilgrimage by Pope John Paul II to Athens until the Roman Catholic pontiff apologizes and does penance for centuries of enmity between Orthodox and Catholics. "The pope can come to Greece as a head of state but not as a religious leader," Metropolitan Kallinikos, spokesman for the Holy Synod of the Greek Orthodox Church, said September 6, following a meeting of a council of church leaders. "The pope cannot visit Greece as the head of the Catholic Church before asking forgiveness and doing penance for the interventions by the church in the Orthodox world from the epoch of the Crusades until today," the Italian news agency ANSA quoted Kallinikos as saying.
In a letter published in June, John Paul said he hoped to make a spiritual pilgrimage to biblical sites in Iraq, Egypt, Jordan, Israel, the Palestine Authority territory, Syria and Greece to mark the start of the third millennium of Christianity. Greek Orthodox leaders immediately expressed opposition to a papal visit to Athens to pay homage to the New Testament account of St. Paul's sermon on the Areopagus, symbolizing the whole of humanity's encounter with the gospel. The synod, headed by Christodoulos, the Orthodox archbishop of Athens and all Greece, formalized that opposition in its September meeting.
Both the Vatican and the Greek government sought to avoid a clash. Cardinal Edward Cassidy, president of the Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity, in Greece to attend a religious symposium, said in an interview with the newspaper To Vima that the pope has not yet asked to visit Greece. "The pope does not desire to come to Greece soon. It is a desire for the near future," Cassidy indicated. Greek Prime Minister Costas Simitis said John Paul "will be welcome in Greece like every head of state," adding that he did not want to interfere in ecclesiastical matters.
But Catholic Archbishop Nikos Foscolo of Athens maintained that the controversy has harmed ecumenical efforts. "The criticisms of a visit by the pope have set back dialogue between Catholics and Orthodox by ten years," he said. Greek Orthodox sources said they want the pope to apologize for the schism of 1054 that divided the Greek and Roman churches; for the Crusades, which saw the conquest and sacking of Constantinople in 1204; and for the Council of Lyons II in 1274, which attempted unsuccessfully to unite the Greek and Roman churches.
Kallinikos also attacked the Eastern churches that follow Orthodox rites but are united with Rome, calling them "Trojan horses of the Catholic Church." Vatican sources said last week the pope may break his pilgrimage into two or more separate segments, starting before the opening of Holy Year 2000 on Christmas Eve and continuing during the millennium celebrations. John Paul is expected to travel in early December to the patriarch Abraham's birthplace at Ur of the Chaldees in southern Iraq, Mount Sinai in Egypt and possibly Damascus. Israeli officials have said he will tour the Holy Land in March.
Posted by yameen at 6:52 PM
Labels: Roman Catholic Church sins of action and omission" against the Christian Orthodox
Roman Catholic Church
sins of action and omission" against the Christian Orthodox.
==================
Chavez demands Pope Benedict apologize for Indian comments
http://jesuschristisfromthemiddleeast.blogspot.com/2007/10/chavez-demands-pope-benedict-apologize.html
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